Classified Product Guide for Onshore Drilling Operations

1

Onshore Drilling Rig

High-strength structural steel (Q345R), alloy steel for transmission components

1. Long-term vibration during drilling leads to fatigue wear of structural joints; 2. Inadequate lubrication of transmission systems causes abrasive wear of gears.

1. Conduct weekly vibration detection on structural joints and tighten fasteners in time; 2. Use API-certified special lubricants for transmission systems and replace lubricating oil according to operating hours (every 500 working hours).

2

Onshore Workover Rig

Low-alloy high-strength steel (Q460), wear-resistant alloy for hoisting components

1. Frequent hoisting of heavy downhole tools causes impact wear on the hoisting system; 2. Dust and sand intrusion into the hydraulic system leads to wear of valve cores and cylinders.

1. Match the hoisting load strictly with the rated load of the rig, avoiding overloading by more than 10%; 2. Install high-precision dust filters at the hydraulic system inlet and clean the filter element every 200 working hours.

1

BOP & Accessories

Alloy steel (4130), nitrile rubber for seals, stainless steel (316L) for fasteners

1. High-pressure fluid scouring causes erosion wear of valve seats and seals; 2. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) corrosion in sour wells damages metal components.

1. Regularly inspect seal integrity with pressure testing (every 30 days) and replace seals that show signs of aging; 2. For sour well operations, use H₂S-resistant materials and conduct corrosion detection every drilling cycle.

2

Annular BOP

Forged alloy steel body, reinforced polyurethane packing element

1. Friction between packing element and drill pipe during tripping causes abrasive wear; 2. Excessive closing pressure leads to permanent deformation of the packing element.

1. Control the closing pressure within the range specified by the manufacturer (20-30 MPa) and avoid over-pressurization; 2. Apply lubricating grease to the drill pipe surface before tripping to reduce friction with the packing element.

3

Raman Type BOP

High-strength alloy steel (25CrNiMo), fluororubber seals

1. Long-term exposure to drilling fluid causes chemical corrosion of the body; 2. Improper operation during emergency closing leads to impact damage to the ram.

1. Clean the BOP body with neutral detergent after each use to remove residual drilling fluid; 2. Train operators on standard emergency closing procedures to avoid violent operation.

4

Inside BOP

Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) for core components, high-temperature resistant rubber seals

1. High-temperature downhole environment (above 150℃) accelerates seal aging; 2. Contact with hard debris in the drill string causes scratch wear.

1. Select seals with temperature resistance matching the downhole conditions (≥180℃ for high-temperature wells); 2. Install a debris filter at the drill string inlet to prevent hard particles from entering the Inside BOP.

5

Diverter

Carbon steel (A36) for shell, wear-resistant alloy steel for flow channel

1. High-velocity fluid carrying sand particles causes erosion wear of the flow channel; 2. Vibration during diversion leads to loose fasteners and subsequent structural wear.

1. Inspect the flow channel for erosion every 50 drilling days and repair with wear-resistant welding if necessary; 2. Tighten all fasteners before each use and install anti-vibration gaskets.

6

Kill and Choke Manifold

Alloy steel (A106 Gr.B) for pipes, stainless steel (304) for valves

1. Cavitation caused by high-pressure fluid throttling damages valve cores; 2. Corrosion from drilling fluid containing chloride ions.

1. Avoid excessive throttling during operation to reduce cavitation; 2. Use corrosion inhibitors in the fluid system and conduct regular pipeline corrosion testing (every 6 months).

7

Accumulator

Forged alloy steel (4140) for cylinder, nitrile rubber for bladder

1. Gas leakage leads to over-pressurization and wear of the bladder; 2. Contamination of hydraulic oil causes abrasive wear of the cylinder inner wall.

1. Check gas pressure daily and replenish in time to avoid under-pressure or over-pressure operation; 2. Filter hydraulic oil regularly (every 100 working hours) to ensure cleanliness meets NAS 8 standard.

1

Travelling Block and Hook

Alloy steel (20CrNiMo) for hook, high-strength steel for block body, bearing steel for rollers

1. Fatigue wear of the hook neck due to repeated heavy load lifting; 2. Lack of lubrication causes abrasive wear of roller bearings.

1. Conduct non-destructive testing (NDT) of the hook neck every 3 months to detect fatigue cracks; 2. Lubricate bearings with high-pressure resistant grease every 15 working days and check for oil leakage.

2

Elevator Link

Forged alloy steel (42CrMo)

1. Torsional stress during lifting causes shear wear of the pin hole; 2. Impact load during load landing damages the link body.

1. Ensure the load is evenly distributed during lifting to avoid torsional force; 2. Use a buffer device when landing the load to reduce impact, and inspect the pin hole for elongation regularly.

3

BNC Type Elevator

Alloy steel (35CrMo) for body, wear-resistant alloy for contact surface

1. Friction between the elevator and casing/drill pipe causes abrasive wear of the contact surface; 2. Corrosion from moisture and drilling fluid residue.

1. Install wear-resistant bushings on the contact surface and replace when wear exceeds 2mm; 2. Clean and dry the elevator after use, and apply anti-rust oil to the surface.

4

SSC Type Elevator

Stainless steel (316) for body, polyurethane for anti-slip pad

1. Aging and hardening of the anti-slip pad due to long-term exposure to sunlight and high temperature; 2. Overloading causes deformation of the elevator body.

1. Store the elevator in a shaded and ventilated place when not in use, and replace the anti-slip pad every 6 months; 2. Strictly follow the rated load (≤50t for SSC Type) and avoid overloading.

5

Slip Type Elevator

Alloy steel (25CrNiMo) for body, alloy steel slips

1. Wear of slips due to frequent clamping of drill pipes; 2. Improper adjustment of the slip opening causes uneven stress and wear of the body.

1. Check slip wear every 20 uses and replace when the wear amount exceeds 3mm; 2. Adjust the slip opening to match the drill pipe diameter before use to ensure even stress distribution.

6

Single Joint Elevator

Forged alloy steel (4130)

1. Frequent opening and closing causes wear of the hinge pin; 2. Impact during single joint connection damages the jaw.

1. Lubricate the hinge pin with molybdenum disulfide grease every 10 uses; 2. Align the single joint correctly before clamping to avoid impact on the jaw.

7

Sucker Rod Elevator

Alloy steel (30CrMnSi) for body, rubber for anti-scratch pad

1. Wear of the anti-scratch pad due to frequent contact with sucker rods; 2. Corrosion from well fluid containing sulfur.

1. Replace the anti-scratch pad when it shows signs of tearing or thinning; 2. For sulfur-containing well fluids, use anti-corrosion coating on the elevator body and inspect monthly.

8

Casing Elevator Spider

High-strength steel (Q690) for body, wear-resistant alloy for slips

1. Erosion wear of the slips by drilling fluid carrying sand; 2. Vibration during casing running causes loose fasteners and structural wear.

1. Clean the slips after each casing running operation and check for erosion; 2. Tighten all fasteners before use and use lock washers to prevent loosening.

9

Hinged Casing Spider

Alloy steel (20CrNiMo) for hinge, carbon steel (A516 Gr.70) for body

1. Wear of the hinge due to frequent opening and closing under load; 2. Deformation of the body due to uneven load distribution.

1. Inspect the hinge for wear every 15 uses and lubricate with high-temperature grease; 2. Ensure the casing is centered before clamping to avoid uneven load on the body.

10

Drilling Steel Rope

High-carbon steel wire (65Mn), galvanized coating

1. Fatigue wear of wire strands due to repeated bending during hoisting; 2. Corrosion from moisture and chemical substances in the drilling environment.

1. Check the rope for broken strands and wear every shift, and replace when the wear amount exceeds 10% of the wire diameter; 2. Regularly apply anti-rust oil to the rope and store in a dry environment when not in use.

1

Rotary Slips

Alloy steel (40Cr) for body, wear-resistant carbide inserts

1. Abrasive wear of carbide inserts due to friction with drill pipes; 2. High temperature generated during rotation causes thermal fatigue of the body.

1. Check insert wear every 30 uses and replace when the protrusion is less than 5mm; 2. Ensure adequate lubrication between the slips and rotary table to reduce frictional heat.

2

Drill Collar Slips

High-strength alloy steel (35CrMo) for body, diamond-like carbon (DLC) coated inserts

1. Wear of coated inserts due to high clamping force on drill collars; 2. Corrosion from drilling fluid containing chloride ions.

1. Control the clamping force within the range of 80-100 kN to avoid excessive wear of inserts; 2. Clean the slips with fresh water after use and apply anti-corrosion coating.

3

Casing Slips

Alloy steel (25CrNiMo) for body, rubberized inserts

1. Aging and hardening of rubberized inserts due to long-term use; 2. Impact damage to the body during casing landing.

1. Replace rubberized inserts every 6 months or when they show cracks; 2. Use a buffer pad between the slips and casing landing surface to reduce impact.

4

Spring Slips

Stainless steel (304) for spring, alloy steel for clamping jaws

1. Fatigue failure of the spring due to repeated compression and extension; 2. Wear of clamping jaws due to frequent contact with tubulars.

1. Inspect the spring for deformation every 20 uses and replace if necessary; 2. Apply lubricating oil to the clamping jaws regularly to reduce friction.

5

Safety Clamp

Alloy steel (42CrMo) for clamp body, stainless steel (316) for bolts

1. Wear of the clamp contact surface due to repeated clamping; 2. Corrosion of bolts leading to reduced clamping force.

1. Check the contact surface for wear every 15 uses and grind if necessary; 2. Replace bolts every 6 months to ensure clamping reliability.

1

Degaser

Carbon steel (A36) for shell, stainless steel (304) for internal components

1. Erosion wear of internal impellers by drilling fluid carrying sand; 2. Corrosion from acidic drilling fluid.

1. Install a sand filter before the degaser to reduce sand particle content in the fluid; 2. For acidic drilling fluid, use acid-resistant lining and inspect for corrosion monthly.

2

Liquid-Gas Separator

Alloy steel (A106 Gr.B) for shell, aluminum alloy for baffles

1. Wear of baffles due to high-velocity fluid impact; 2. Clogging of gas outlets by drilling fluid residues leading to over-pressure damage.

1. Regularly inspect baffles for wear and replace when necessary; 2. Clean the gas outlet every week to prevent clogging and monitor internal pressure in real time.

3

Loss-Gain Indicator

Stainless steel (316L) for sensor, aluminum alloy for housing

1. Sensor damage due to vibration and impact from on-site operations; 2. Contamination of the sensing surface by drilling fluid leading to measurement inaccuracies.

1. Install the indicator in a shock-absorbing bracket to reduce vibration impact; 2. Clean the sensing surface with a soft cloth every day to ensure measurement accuracy.

4

Mud Manifold

Alloy steel (A234 WPB) for pipes, stainless steel (304) for valves

1. Erosion wear of pipe bends by high-velocity drilling fluid; 2. Leakage and corrosion at flange connections.

1. Use wear-resistant elbows for pipe bends and inspect for erosion every 3 months; 2. Replace flange gaskets every 6 months and tighten bolts evenly to avoid leakage.

1

Rotary Table

Alloy steel (42CrMo) for gear, cast steel (HT300) for body

1. Gear wear due to inadequate lubrication and high torque transmission; 2. Wear of the bushing due to rotation of the drill string.

1. Use gear oil with suitable viscosity (ISO VG 460) and replace every 500 working hours; 2. Check the bushing wear every 100 working hours and replace when the wear amount exceeds 4mm.

2

Top Drive

Alloy steel (20CrNiMo) for drive shaft, bearing steel for bearings

1. Fatigue wear of the drive shaft due to continuous high torque; 2. Overheating of bearings due to poor heat dissipation.

1. Conduct NDT of the drive shaft every 6 months to detect fatigue cracks; 2. Check the cooling system regularly to ensure unobstructed heat dissipation and monitor bearing temperature.

3

Eddy Magnetic Brakes

Copper alloy for stator, carbon steel for rotor, ceramic for friction plates

1. Wear of friction plates due to frequent braking; 2. Overheating of the stator due to prolonged braking leading to thermal deformation.

1. Replace friction plates when the thickness is less than 3mm; 2. Avoid prolonged continuous braking, and use intermittent braking to allow heat dissipation.

4

Rig Motor

Cast iron (HT250) for housing, copper for windings, aluminum alloy for end caps

1. Insulation aging of windings due to high temperature; 2. Wear of bearings due to dust intrusion.

1. Ensure adequate ventilation of the motor to avoid overheating, and check insulation resistance every 3 months; 2. Install dust-proof covers on the motor ends and lubricate bearings regularly.

5

SCR /HCC

Aluminum alloy for heat sink, silicon for thyristors

1. Overheating of thyristors due to poor heat dissipation; 2. Damage to electronic components due to voltage fluctuations.

1. Clean the heat sink regularly to ensure heat dissipation efficiency; 2. Install a voltage stabilizer to avoid voltage fluctuations and protect electronic components.

1

Drilling Spool

Alloy steel (A105) for body, stainless steel (316) for seals

1. High-pressure fluid scouring causes erosion wear of the inner wall; 2. Seal damage due to improper installation.

1. Inspect the inner wall for erosion every 6 months and repair with wear-resistant welding if necessary; 2. Ensure correct installation of seals, and use torque wrenches to tighten bolts to the specified torque.

2

Swivel

Alloy steel (4140) for body, bearing steel for rotating parts, nitrile rubber for seals

1. Wear of rotating bearings due to continuous rotation under load; 2. Seal leakage leading to contamination of internal components.

1. Lubricate bearings with high-temperature resistant grease every 50 working hours; 2. Check seals for leakage every shift and replace if necessary.

3

Drilling Hose

Synthetic rubber (NBR) for inner tube, high-strength polyester fiber for reinforcement layer, rubber for outer cover

1. Aging and cracking of the outer cover due to sunlight and high temperature; 2. Damage to the reinforcement layer due to excessive bending.

1. Store the hose in a shaded area when not in use, and replace every 12 months; 2. Avoid bending the hose beyond the minimum bending radius (≥10 times the hose diameter).

4

Flexible hi-pressure hose

Fluororubber (FKM) for inner tube, steel wire for reinforcement layer, polyurethane for outer cover

1. Corrosion of steel wire reinforcement layer due to moisture; 2. Damage to the inner tube due to contact with incompatible chemicals.

1. Keep the hose dry and apply anti-rust oil to the接头; 2. Ensure the hose is compatible with the conveyed fluid and avoid contact with strong acids and alkalis.

5

Standpipe

Alloy steel (A213 T91) for pipe body, stainless steel (304) for法兰

1. Erosion wear of the pipe body by high-velocity drilling fluid; 2. Corrosion of flanges due to drilling fluid leakage.

1. Inspect the pipe body for erosion every 3 months; 2. Check flange connections for leakage every shift and replace gaskets if necessary.

1

Handing tools

Alloy steel (40Cr) for tool body, rubber for handles

1. Wear of tool heads due to frequent use; 2. Damage to handles due to impact and dropping.

1. Store tools in a toolbox to avoid collision and wear; 2. Inspect tool heads for wear every month and grind or replace if necessary.

2

Roller Kelly bushing

Bearing steel (GCr15) for rollers, alloy steel (42CrMo) for body

1. Wear of rollers due to continuous rotation under load; 2. Lack of lubrication causes overheating and damage.

1. Lubricate the bushing with grease every 20 working hours; 2. Check roller wear every 50 working hours and replace if necessary.

3

Master Casing Bushing

Alloy steel (25CrNiMo) for body, wear-resistant alloy for inner sleeve

1. Wear of the inner sleeve due to rotation of the casing; 2. Corrosion from drilling fluid.

1. Check the inner sleeve wear every 30 working hours and replace when the wear amount exceeds 2mm; 2. Clean the bushing after use and apply anti-rust oil.

4

Rotating Head

Alloy steel (4130) for body, polyurethane for packing

1. Wear of packing due to rotation of the drill string; 2. Damage to the body due to vibration.

1. Replace packing every 15 working hours; 2. Install the rotating head on a stable base to reduce vibration.

5

Air testing pump

Cast iron (HT200) for pump body, stainless steel (304) for piston

1. Wear of the piston due to friction with the cylinder; 2. Damage to the valve seat due to dust intrusion.

1. Lubricate the cylinder with oil every use; 2. Install an air filter at the inlet to prevent dust from entering the pump.